Il 18 febbraio 2009 si è svolto, nella sala convegni di Palazzo Mezzanotte a Milano, il seminario: i consumi ed il credito, il parere di vessatorietà sulle condizioni generali dei contratti di credito al consumo tramite le carte revolving, organizzato dalla Camera di Commercio di Milano (CCIAA). Sergio Rossi (area manager land development and market CCIAA) : Consumer credit is an important driving force for the economy, allows some economically disadvantaged individuals to purchase goods that could not otherwise afford. The service market harmonization of Chambers of Commerce, has the function of creating the conditions for a secure and transparent market, through instruments advisory: the opinions on the unfair nature of contractual relationships in the various commercial real estate brokerages, travel, timeshare gas , telephone, insurance, electricity, internet access with broadband, and control instruments. The opinions are drawn up and published with the hope that they are welcomed by industry professionals.
Guggioli Paul (President of the Order of Lawyers Milan) : In recent years we have witnessed a progressive growth of the sensitivity shown to protect consumers, it suffices to note the attention to the issue addressed by the legislature with the approval of the Consumer Code . This important legislative decree has harmonized in 146 articles (the first original version), fragmented into more than 550 other regulations. It provides greater equality in relations between businesses and consumers. In the last edition have been added to the titles refer to the unfair trade practices, the rules on class-action feature that should have dal prossimo 30 giugno (sarà operativa dal I gennaio 2010 ndr).
Francesca Romana Ferri (direttrice generale per la tutela del consumatore AGCM ) : il parere qui presentato, rispecchia molto ciò che succede nel settore, sono diffuse le stipule di contratti a distanza tramite l'attivazione di carte revolving. La disciplina delle pratiche commerciali sleali è una forma di tutela riservata al consumatore (non si applica ai professionisti). Si rileva una violazione alla diligenza professionale, quando il comportamento del venditore falsa in misura apprezzabile quello del consumatore. Le pratiche commerciali diventano ingannevoli quando azioni, omissioni od informazioni ostacolino una decisione consapevole del consumatore. Nelle pratiche aggressive c'è anche la pressione psicologica esercitata dal professionista. Il classico esempio è il reclutamento di potenziali clienti, contattati telefonicamente per annunciargli la vincita di un premio che possono ritirare nel tal albergo, l'incontro si rivela invece un tentativo di vendita di una multiproprietà (quest'episodio di South Park può rendere l'idea: week end gratis ad Aspen per una Time share presentation. ndr) mediante lavaggio del cervello. Riceviamo segnalazioni da clienti possessori di carta revolving a cui veniva proposta, telefonicamente, l'adesione ad una
polizza assicurativa, il cui premio sarebbe stato prelevato direttamente sulla linea di credito. Often the customer had no sense to sign a contract: no module was presented, the accession telephone was sufficient disclosure for the withdrawal was unclear, so the consumer does not know that he had 30 days to reconsider. The revolving credit is basically an expendable trust with a special electronic card with high interest rates which are often unknown. The Authority will protect the average consumer, the average awareness. Francis Brigo (Ministry of Economic Development DGMCC) : Finance Act of 2000 established a fund for the financing of initiatives to inform and protect consumers. The fund is dai proventi delle sanzioni Antitrust. Per far ripartire i consumi è necessario che le regole del mercato siano chiare e trasparenti.
Ricccardo Marselli (prof. ordinario di Economia all'Università di Napoli Parthenope e componente della segreteria scientifica dell'osservatorio economia sana della CCIAA di Milano) : confrontando il nostro mercato creditizio con quello di altri paesi, si osservano sensibili differenze: l'8% dei nuclei familiari francesi è indebitato, in Spagna si raggiungono valori del 14% e nei paesi anglosassoni tale percentuale arriva fino al 20. In Italia, il rapporto tra patrimonio e debito (fonte la relazione annuale della Banca d'Italia) è 8:1, in altri paesi invece questo parameter is fixed at 4:1. This difference may reasonably relate to the high spread between the Italian families, the possession of the house in which they live. Analysis of Credit Scoring by Italian families (also Bank of Italy), contracts for consumer credit at a cost that accounts for 30% of household income and the amount of installment accounts for the 1, 4%. Italian consumers for the cost of financing, epitomized by the APR, is systematically higher than that applied agl'altri European consumers. The credit for the purchase of goods or services, have higher costs of management and 36% of the domestic market is governed by 5 / 6 operators. Often dealers receive a commission on credit agreement and is intended to assist in the processing of credit brokers: devote more attention to the conclusion of this contract rather than the sale of the product or service. Overall, this sector is still underdeveloped compared to the European average and we have therefore the possibility of promoting a balanced development in order to boost consumption in this period of crisis. A recent survey found that 70% of those surveyed would not have consumed goods and services without access to credit. In some cases, however, there was an improper use of this tool. For example, in the financing of immigrant: the foreign investor is often difficult to obtain credit from ordinary channels (banks, etc. ..) is considered to be a risk, because it undergoes the application of higher costs, than the Italian. While it is assessed
reliability as a consumer, so many foreign investors to finance its activities using consumer credit. The credit rating is by means of specially created companies and consortia: the notorious central credit risks (SIC), which often proves to be inefficient in Cicolano information. In general, there is little financial knowledge, and this can cause poor economic planning with the risk of be indebted. E 'insufficient regulation of agents and brokers and sometimes aggressive marketing strategies to assist with some operators targeting consumers already in debt. Gaetano Presti (Professor of Commercial Law at the Catholic University of Milan - member of the unfair terms CCIAA Milano) : the opinion was delivered in a period when the revolving cards enjoyed a positive effect, are important for support the application. At the moment, is a bit 'changed, the credit risk related financial market was littered with the securitization. Some considerations concerning penalties for withdrawal. The amount penalty for default or late payment of installments, includes the cost of the recess and accessory charges related to the activity of credit recovery (sometimes the cost of telephone reminders account for 10% of the unusual). These costs are left to the discretion of the lender and in some cases reach values \u200b\u200bof 30% of capital funding. The expense of the debtor insolvency is excessive. Some contractual terms reach a high complexity as to be incomprehensible. In the event of theft or loss of the card shall be borne by the consumer 150 €, if there is a fraudulent use of the same during the period between the complaint of the fact and the block of the service. In case of cancellation Modification of contract terms (art. 118 ex TUB), the repayment of the outstanding debt must be made in a lump sum or in installments under the conditions ex ante? It would be preferable to the second interpretation of the subject with appropriate rescheduling withdrawing.
Luciano Pontiroli (Professor of Law Institutions and financial market economy at the Catholic University of Milan - Member of the Commission of the Chamber of Commerce unfair terms) : read the general terms and conditions is often hampered by the small print and the jargon used, sometimes dall'overload information. Including difficulties arise because, due from the small typeface which are written, and the abundance of their content. The contracts are complicated and it is questionable whether fulfill their function as information and uniformity in the management of contractual risk. In this area there is no similar institution to ' ABI that may indicate and / or suggest best practices to follow. Among the operators seem generally considered that it is not worth simplifying contracts. Assessing the merit of the content: there is a very risky, represented by a multiple liability sottoscrzione contract (often the spouse), whose role is never stated explicitly, is a guarantor or joint and several liability? This limited information makes it unclear to the subject the risk that liability comporterebbe, si ravvisa una scorrettezza commerciale ed un ulteriore grado di vessatorietà. Le corti Europee quando vengono coinvolte nelle controversie contrattuali del credito al consumo, accertano sempre più spesso, se il coobbligato al momento della firma fosse stato chiaramente edotto sui rischi connessi all'assunzione del ruolo.
Valentino Ghelli (Presidente Assofin ) : Il peso nel mercato del credito delle carte revolving è l'8% del totale. Si ricorre al credito anche per affrontare le spese della quarta settimana e dagl'interventi sin'ora svolti emergono pregiudizi negativi e toni apocalittici. Il confronto con le associazioni dei consumatori prosegue da più di diec'anni, complessivamente the contractual arrangements are legitimate, any unfair nature can escape, if they can commit errors. Sector regulations in force in our country is among the most advanced of the European community, so much so that the next Directive will not introduce major changes. The withdrawal shall result in disqualification of the benefit of the term with a single payment of the outstanding debt. The termination clause is not vexatious. There is no sharing with the essential lines expressed in the opinion.
Luca Artizzu (COO of CTC consortium of credit protection) : is a nonprofit consortium that collects data from persons who have entered into a loan. The rules of conduct are those compiled in code of ethics developed by the Privacy Authority in collaboration with consumer associations. The negative information is recorded after 15 days' notice sent to the consumer and occurs when at least four installments of the financing remain unanswered. When a dispute arises in the host contract (the one that is for the purchase of goods and / or service for which funding is attached), reporting in the information system is identified by specific code. Marisa Costelli (responsible Adusbef - New York) : at this time of general crisis, it would be desirable evitare contrasti economici che sfocino poi in sede Giudiziaria. Nei formulari, è il consumatore che propone il contratto di finanziamento, figura cioè una situazione ribaltata, vogliamo cambiarla questa prassi?
Fiorelli Daniele (Legale Fiditalia ) : questi modelli contrattuali sono usate da almeno 7 anni e non abbiamo mai registrato una contestazione sulle clausole evidenziate come vessatorie. Nel parere è auspicata una responsabilità della società emittente la carta di credito, nei rapporti commerciali con il singolo esercente (esempio nel caso di mancata accettazione o disservizi tecnici), quest'attività di monitoraggio e controllo sarebbe impossibile per una società come ours, which is active throughout the world, it is necessary to involve the major international circuits. The contract should not be an element of competition and a general uniformity is acceptable. All in all our views on the document is not, however, is a useful opportunity for comparison.
Anna Vizzari (Economist, Economic Research Department legal - Euroconsumer Services - Altroconsumo ) : our legislation is at the forefront, but the information provided to consumers with the information sheets is replaced by the present brouchure Advertising . The revolving credit card is a useful instrument of payment and financing, but the contracts are complex. Behaviors virtuous should be rewarded, punished others, keep in mind that the informed consumer is useful to the entire market. We welcome your opinion.
Thomas of Good (Provincial Secretary Adiconsum ) : express positive opinions about this payment instrument and the approach with which the topic has been addressed. We hope that the findings of the opinion to be accepted in the forms so as to avoid litigation rather than solving them upstream to downstream in the classrooms Giuiziarie. Consumer groups also have the opportunity to undertake actions for injunctions. The two major topics on which to draw your attention are the so-called surprise effect: the result inconsapevole di una richiesta di finanziamento, ti arriva a casa, te la trovi in tasca e prima o poi la usi; la questione del contratto di beni o servizi: se la merce non viene consegnata mi trovo lo stesso con un debito da pagare.
L'immagine delle carte è tratta da internet, vi preghiamo d'informarci con e-mail se viola qualche copyright provvederemo all'immediata rimozione. Grazie
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